Sunday, 20 April 2025

Sci: Naphthalene crystals and Julius Caesar

Note that while naphthalene is clearly labelled as a poison, there atre lots of household poisons like this. Keep the mothballs away from pets and small children, and if you are under about 14, get a safe adult to advise you on where to leave the jar and where to store the mothballs.

Ready to start, and after one day in the sun.

You need a pack of mothballs from the supermarket, a clean jar with a tight lid, a warm or sunny place to leave the jar, and two weeks or more.

Naphthalene is flammable when heated, but in a sealed container like this, it is safe enough. The solid naphthalene sublimes, which means it changes to a vapour without melting, and later, it condenses on a cooler part of the jar, away from the sunlight. You will see results after the first day, but really nice crystals can take as much as a month. This works well on a north-facing window-sill, but mine was just left on a north-facing deck, and it worked just fine.

Put the mothballs in the jar, tighten the lid, and leave it in a safe sunny place, away from wind, pets and stray animals including younger children. As the packaging says, naphthalene is a household poison: don’t touch, smell or taste it—and keep the lid on! It is safe enough, in sensible hands: just be careful. Don’t dispose of it, because it lasts for years.

A closer view of the jar (left) after 11 days, and a close-up, using a clip-on microscope on a phone.

How safe is naphthalene?

This is when you need a Materials Safety Data Sheet or MSDS. Just put <MSDS naphthalene> into a search engine and read. Then try <MSDS water>, just to get some perspective. And did you know that every person who has ever died, breathed in air, just before they died?

Julius Caesar’s last breath

On the Ides of March, 44 BCE, Julius Caesar took his last breath, expired and expired. Between then and now, the air molecules he breathed out in his last breath have spread and mixed in the atmosphere. One estimate I have seen suggests that on average, every breath we take contains 1.3 molecules from Caesar’s last breath. Play with this.

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